Understanding the In vivo, pathogenesis, evaluation and management of ageing and insulin
Centre for Future-Oriented Studies Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Review
Comprehensive Research and Reviews in Life Sciences, 2022, 01(01), 035–042.
Article DOI: 10.57219/crrls.2022.1.1.0035
Publication history:
Received on 10 August 2022; revised on 16 September 2022; accepted on 20 September 2022
Abstract:
This article presents the essence of insulin sensitivity, secretion and resistance in the treatment, lifestyle modifications, interventions and control of diabetes, obesity and related disorders . Progressive decline of glucose tolerance with advanced age is associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes due to peripheral insulin resistance and impaired β cell function. In elderly persons, insulin secretion is impaired with decreased insulin clearance rate and increased circulating proinsulin concentration that suggests age-related hyperglycaemia. Insulin is associated with numerous pathophysiologic mechanisms during brain functionality, learning and memory, as much as in the regulation of ageing, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in Man. Elevated chronic peripheral insulin, decreased insulin action and brain insulin levels are pathognomonic of the insulin resistance syndrome. These are entirely associated by means of defined mechanisms in the pathophysiology of ageing and insulin in concert with risk factors and concomitant complications. Suggestively, progressive excess insulin potentiates synchronous elevated levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory effects which exacerbate or are aggravated by advancing age, leading to inimical consequences of healthy lifestyles, longevity or extended lifespan. Therapeutics and other healthcare measures may be beneficial to prevent, mitigate or amend insulin aberrations in the elderly and during the ageing process. The mainstay in the management of the elderly patient with perturbed insulin function is control of therapeutic application, as it is capable of reverting acute terminal conditions. Treatment necessitates stringent and ardent expertise, knowledge and skills for optimum provision and effective cerebral, cardiovascular and skeletal protection for a healthier lifespan and longevity. This article contributes to the understanding of the prevention, treatment and control of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and neurological disorders during ageing.
Keywords:
Gut-brain axis; Bone; Skeletal muscle; Neurological disorders cardiovascular diseases; obesity; Diabetes; Insulin resistance and sensitivity; Mitochondrial effects
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Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0